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This article is about the grammar of Hvetshrenu, the Hvetshran language.

Word types[]

Articles[]

Hvetshrenu has no articles, neither definite nor indefinite. If they want to put stress on a specific word, they move it either to the front or to the end of their sentence.

Nouns[]

Nouns in Hvetshrenu have no plural or singular and are declined by adding gestures or movements. Depending on the position of the head, the word will have a different function in the sentence. Mostly however, this will be clear from the position of the noun in the sentence.

Verbs[]

There are three types of verbs: active, alter-active and passive verbs. Active verbs are the ones that you can act out (to laugh, to eat, to walk, ...). Alter-active verbs are the ones that revolve around an action that is performed by someone else, usually expressed in English with a passive construction (to be robbed, to be taught, ...). Passive verbs are the ones that express a state or a transition from one state to another (to cost, to stay, to become, ...).

Conjugations[]

None of the three categories of verbs have singular or plural, nor a specific person in their conjugation: the subject of the action does not usually matter if it is not explicitly stated.

Indicative[]

Present and future[]

Present and future tense (everything that happens or will be done from now on) is the same as the dictionary form. 

Past[]

Past tense (everything that happened or was done before now) is usually formed by adding w in front of the verb. In the case of a verb starting with u or ü, a в is used instead.

Imperative[]

The imperative form (ordering/commanding) is usually formed by adding a y in front. In the case of a verb starting with i, the i changes into . In the case of a verb starting with e, the the e changes into yu.

Note on usage: imperatives should not be used by juniors or people of a lower rank in the clan. Between clans, people usually take up similar positions.

Participle[]

Present (Gerund or ing-form)[]

For the present participle (serving, going), the present indicative is used and the ending un is added, unless the verb ends in a single consonant (+ n) or if it ends in an n or m (+ an).

Past[]

For the past participle (swam, looked), the past indicative is used and the ending un/an/n is added, according to the same rule as the present participle.

Progressive[]

The progressive tense also uses the indicative form (present or past) and adds the suffix eg to it. It is different in usage from the participle in the sense that it replaces the indicative and is never used adjectivally with a noun.

Conjunctions[]

Number[]

Hvetshrenu nouns have no singular or plural. They express quantity with specific numbers or more general counters.

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